Third USDA Symposium on Greenhouse Gases and

Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture and Forestry

March 22-24, 2005

Baltimore, Maryland

Tuesday, March 22: Opening Plenary Session

Room: International A-C

8:15 a.m. Welcome, Logistics, and Introduction

Charles Rice, Kansas State University

Bruce Knight, Chief, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

8:30 a.m. Keynote Address

James L. Connaughton, Chair, White House Council on Environmental Quality

9:00 a.m. Inventory Systems/Technologies and Practices/Decision Support Systems - Agriculture Overview. Charles Rice, Kansas State University.

9:30 a.m. Inventory Systems/Technologies and Practices/Decision Support Systems - Forestry Overview. Richard Birdsey, USDA Forest Service.

10:00 a.m. Morning Break

10:30 a.m. Panel Discussion. Moderator: William Hohenstein, Director, USDA Global Change Program Office

Panel Members:

- Agriculture: Troy Bredenkamp, American Farm Bureau Federation

- Forestry: Robert Prolman, Weyerhauser Corporation

- NGO: Gordon Smith, Environmental Defense

- Policy: John Reilly, MIT

11:30 a.m. Questions and Comments

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Tuesday, March 22

12:00 p.m. Luncheon.

Speaker: Jack Williams, USA Today “Communicating Science to the Public”

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Tuesday, March 22: Session 1A

Dominant Theme: Bioenergy

Room: International A

Moderator: Harvey Bolton, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

1:30 p.m. Greenhouse Gas Reduction Opportunities via Processing Agricultural Residues in Rural Biorefineries. Kiran Kadam, PureVision Technology, Inc.

1:50 p.m. Evaluating Strategies for Biomass Fuel Production in New York State. Peter B. Woodbury, Cornell University.

2:10 p.m. Growing Energy: How Biofuels Can Help End America's Energy Dependence. Jeff Fiedler, National Resources Defence Council.

2:30 p.m. Biomethanol Production and CO₂ Emission Reduction from Forage Grasses, Trees and Residues of Crops. Hitoshi Nakagawa, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS).

2:50 p.m. Grass Bioenergy in the Northeastern USA. Jerry Cherney, Cornell University.

3:10 p.m. Afternoon Break

Tuesday, March 22: Session 1B

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurements, Monitoring

Room: International A

Moderator: Jeff Smith, Washington State University

3:40 p.m. Estimating the Economic Potential for Agricultural Soil Carbon Sequestration in the Central U.S. Using an Aggregate Econometric-Process Simulation Model. Susan Capalbo, Montana State University.

4:00 p.m. Rangeland Carbon Fluxes in the Northern Great Plains. Bruce Wylie, SAIC, USGS National Center, EROS.

4:20 p.m. Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation with Feedlot Cattle Manure Application. Chi Chang, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.

4:40 p.m. Impact of Tree Species on Carbon in Swedish Forest Soils. Maj-Britt Johansson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU).

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Tuesday, March 22: Session 2

Dominant Theme: Applications and Decision Support Systems

Room: International B

Moderator: Scott Staggenborg, Kansas State University

1:30 p.m. Estimating and Comparing the Levelized Cost ($/ton CO₂e) of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Associated with Four Different Approaches to Developing and Managing Forest Carbon Sequestration Projects. Adam Diamant, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI).

1:50 p.m. Toward Resolution of the Conflicting Joint Interest in Carbon Sequestration. Gary Lynne, University of Nebraska.

2:10 p.m. Assessing Alternatives for Mitigating Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increasing Yields from Rice Production in China Over the Next 20 Years. Changsheng Li, University of New Hampshire.

2:30 p.m. Overview of Electric Power Industry UtiliTree Carbon Company and PowerTree Carbon Company Programs. John Kinsman, Edison Electric Institute.

2:50 p.m. Development of Maine Forestry Climate Change Mitigation Options and Results of Full Life Cycle Benefit and Cost Analysis. Thomas D. Peterson, Penn State University.

3:10 p.m. Afternoon Break

3:40 p.m. Simulation of the Effects of Manure Quality, Soil Type, and Climate on N and Supply to Sorghum and Pigeon Pea in Semi-Arid Tropical India. Sucharitha Revanuru, ICRISAT.

4:00 p.m. Economic Analysis of Efficient Risk Allocation in Contracts to Sequester Carbon in Agriculture and Forestry. Adeyemi Esuola, University of Guelph.

4:20 p.m. Projecting Private Forest Investment and Forest Carbon with the Forest and Agricultural Sector Optimization Model – Green House Gas. Lucas Bair, USDA-Forest Service.

4:40 p.m. Short-Term and Long-Term Approaches to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from “Land Use, Land Use Change, Bioproducts & Transport” Systems. Arthur C. Riedacker, INRA.

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Tuesday, March 22: Session 3A

Dominant Theme: Technologies and Practices

Room: International C

Moderator: Larry Jacobson, University of Minnesota

1:30 p.m. Wetlands Restoration and the Emerging Carbon Market. Richard G. Kempka, Ducks Unlimited, Inc.

1:50 p.m. Disturbance and Recovery of Soil C Following Infrequent Activities. Richard Conant, Colorado State University.

2:10 p.m. Miscanthus: Climate Change Mitigation Potential of a High Yielding Energy Crop in Illinois. Emily Heaton, University of Illinois.

2:30 p.m. Carbon Sequestration in Spring Wheat Producing Regions of the Northern Great Plains. Dean Bangsund, North Dakota State University.

2:50 p.m. Utilization of Conservation Tillage Practices to Rebuild Organic Carbon in a Sandy, Coastal Plain Soil. Jeff Novak, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

3:10 p.m. Afternoon Break

Tuesday, March 22: Session 3B

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurements, Monitoring

Room: International C

Moderator: Larry Jacobson, University of Minnesota

3:40 p.m. Annual CO₂ Exchange in Irrigated and Rainfed Maize-Based Agro Ecosystems. Shashi. B Verma, University of Nebraska.

4:00 p.m. Carbon Sequestration by Hybrid Poplars in the Pacific Northwest. Jon D. Johnson, Washington State University.

4:20 p.m. Simulating Historical Soil Carbon Dynamics in Semi-Arid Rangelands. Allison Thomson, Joint Global Change Research Institute.

4:40 p.m. Effect of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) on Soil Carbon. Jay Atwood, USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service.

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Tuesday, March 22: Session 4

Dominant Theme: International Focus on the Science of Inventory, Observations, Measurement, and Monitoring

Room: Carroll Room

Moderator: Patricia Garffer, USAID, Office of Environment and Science Policy

1:30 p.m. Comments from Patricia Garffer, USAID

1:40 p.m. Alice Ruhweza, Uganda

2:10 p.m. Peter Grace, Australia

2:40 p.m. Cesar Izaurralde, PNNL

3:10 p.m. Afternoon Break

3:40 p.m. Bert VandenBygaart, Canada

4:10 p.m. Telmo Amado, Brazil

4:40 p.m. Discussion

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Tuesday, March 23

6:00-8:00 p.m. Poster Session and Catered Reception (International D-E, Foyer)

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 5

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurement, and Monitoring

Room: International A

Moderator: Phil Gassman, Iowa State University

8:00 a.m. Full C-Cost Accounting and Global Warming Potential of Irrigated and Rainfed Maize-Based Cropping Systems that Produce Renewable Energy from Grain. Daniel Walters, University of Nebraska.

8:20 a.m. Changes in Soil- and Litter-C Stocks with Progressive Farming Practices in Irrigated and Rainfed Maize-Based Agroecosystems. Achim Dobermann, University of Nebraska.

8:40 a.m. Permanence Discounting for Land-Based Carbon Sequestration. Bruce McCarl, Texas A&M University.

9:00 a.m. Spatial Variation of Carbon Dioxide and Energy Balance Fluxes Among Corn and Soybean Fields in Central Iowa. Jerry Hatfield, USDA-Agricultural Research Service.

9:20 a.m. Rapid Identification and Quantification of Soil Organic Carbon Forms Using Pyrolysis Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry. Kim Magrini, National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

9:40 a.m. Open

10:00 a.m. Afternoon Break

10:30 a.m. Spatial Distribution of Lignin Biopolymers and Aggregate Stability of Forest and Tilled Soil Types. E.J. Park, Michigan State University.

10:50 a.m. Determining Amounts of Carbon Loss and Change in Carbon Isotope Values from Soils Due to Biomass Burning. Scott Werts, Johns Hopkins University.

11:10 a.m. Studies on Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Carbon Flux in a Forested Region in Suburban Baltimore. John L. Hom, USDA-Forest Service.

11:30 a.m. Carbon Dynamics of Fire Management in the New Jersey Pinelands. Kenneth Clark, USDA-Forest Service.

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 6A

Dominant Theme: N₂O and Methane Mitigation

Room: International B

Moderator: Cesar Izaurralde, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

8:00 a.m. Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Soils Receiving Combinations of Dairy Manure and Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizers. Curtis Dell, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

8:20 a.m. Physical and Microbial Controls over Trace Gas Fluxes Following Initial Cultivation. A. Stuart Grandy, Michigan State University.

8:40 a.m. Agricultural Soil N₂O Emissions in the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory: A Comparison of Methodologies. Margaret Walsh, ICF Consulting.

9:00 a.m. DAYCENT National Scale Simulations of N₂O Emissions from Cropped Soils in the USA. Stephen Del Grosso, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

9:20 a.m. Nitrous Oxide Losses Are Increased Under No-Tillage and Early Fertilization. Ivy Tan, Cornell University.

9:40 a.m. Factors Affecting Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Croplands in Asia and Potential Mitigation Options. Xiaoyuan Yan, Frontier Research Center for Global Change.

10:00 a.m. Morning Break

Wednesday, March 23: Session 6B

Dominant Theme: Applications and Decision Support Systems

Room: International B

Moderator: Cesar Izaurralde, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

10:30 a.m. Competitiveness of Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Offsets: Are They a Bridge to the Future? Ronald D. Sands, Joint Global Change Research Institute.

10:50 a.m. Field-Scale Variation in Nitrogen Use Efficiency and the Agronomic. David Huggins, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

11:10 a.m. Transaction Costs of Project-Based Carbon Reduction: Evidence from the Forestry Sector. Camille Antinori, NETL.

11:30 a.m. Open

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 7

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurement, and Monitoring

Room: International C

Moderator: Mike Jawson, USDA-ARS

8:00 a.m. Potential for Soil Carbon Sink Enhancement in Three Northern Great Plains States. Karen Updegraff, SD School of Mines & Technology.

8:20 a.m. Carbon Budget of Mature No-till Ecosystem in North Central Region of the United States. Carl Bernacchi, Illinois State Water Survey.

8:40 a.m. Estimating the Potential Carbon Supply from Changes in Land Use: Afforestation of Grazing Lands in the USA as a Case Study. Sandra Brown, Winrock International.

9:00 a.m. Management Effects on Carbon Dioxide Exchange over Northeastern Pastures. Howard Skinner, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

9:20 a.m. Effects of Land Use Change on Forest Carbon Budgets Throughout the Southern USA from 1900 to 2050. Peter. B Woodbury, Cornell University.

9:40 a.m. CarboInvent - Multi-source Inventory Methods for Quantifying Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes in European Forests. Bernhard Schlamadinger, Joanneum Research.

10:00 a.m. Morning Break

10:30 a.m. Forest Carbon Dynamics under Changing Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate in the Mid-Atlantic Region. Yude Pan, USDA-Forest Service.

10:50 a.m. Spatial and Temporal Patterns of the Contemporary Carbon Sources and Sinks in the Ridge and Valley Ecoregion of the United States. Shuguang Liu, SAIC, USGS National Center for EROS.

11:10 a.m. Significant Bomb C-14 Responses in Soils Below 30 cm Depth: A Previously Unrecognized Decadal C Pool? W. Troy Baisden, Landcare Research NewZealand Ltd.

11:30 a.m. Open

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 8A

Dominant Theme: Below-Ground Processes

Room: Carroll Room

Moderator: Alexander Friend, USDA Forest Service, and William Horwath, University of California-Davis

8:00 a.m. Simulating Carbon Dynamics in Forests - What May We Learn From Agriculturalists? P. V. Bolstad, University of Minnesota.

8:20 a.m. Carbon Input, Aggregate Stability, and Carbon Stabilization in Mediterranean Cropping Systems. Angela Kong, University of California-Davis.

8:40 a.m. Evaluating Changes in Landscape-scale Soil Organic C Due to Tillage. Dennis Rolston, University of California-Davis.

9:00 a.m. Belowground Carbon Allocation in Forests in Response to Global Change. Christian Giardina, USDA-Forest Service.

9:20 a.m. The “Carbon Cascade” into Forest Soils: BioticControl Points, With a Focus on Mycorrhizal Fungi. Erik Lilleskov, USDA-Forest Service.

9:40 a.m. Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and Crop Rotations on Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration and Soil Quality. David Laird, USDA–Agricultural Research Service.

10:00 a.m. Morning Break

Wednesday, March 23: Session 8B

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurement, and Monitoring

Room: Carroll Room

Moderator: Larry Jacobson, University of Minnesota

10:30 a.m. Assessing the Effectiveness of Mine Land Reclamation to Off-Set GHG Emissions. Mark Sperow, West Virginia University.

10:50 a.m. Comparison of Tower and Aircraft Eddy Covariance Measurement of CO₂ and H₂O Fluxes Over Corn and Soybean Fields in Central Iowa. John Prueger, USDA-Agricultural Research Service.

11:10 a.m. Assessing the Usefulness of Simple Mathematical Models to Describe the Soil Carbon Dynamics. Armen R. Kemanian, Washington State University.

11:30 a.m. Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation of Rhizoma Perennial Peanut and Bahiagrass Grown under Elevated CO₂ and Temperature. L. H. Allen, USDA-Agricultural Research Service.

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 9

Dominant Theme: Inventory, Observations, Measurement, and Monitoring

Room: International A

Moderator: Scott Staggenborg, Kansas State University

1:30 p.m. Modeling Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Systems. Armen Kemanian, Washington State University.

1:50 p.m. BioSAR: A VHF Radar for the Airborne Measurement of Terrestrial Biomass and Carbon. Patrick Johnson, Zimmerman Associates, Inc.

2:10 p.m. Moisture Controls on Trace Gas Fluxes in Semiarid Soils. Dean Martens, USDA- Agricultural Research Service.

2:30 p.m. Forest Management Impacts on Carbon - Some Counter Intuitive Findings. Bruce Lippke, University of Washington.

2:50 p.m. Inventorying Agricultural Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Methods Used by Annex 1 Countries. Erandathie Lokupitiya, Colorado State University.

3:10 p.m. Afternoon Break

3:40 p.m. Effects of Cropland Abandonment and Forest Regrowth on Terrestrial Carbon Storage in Southeastern U.S. Hua Chen, Auburn University School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences.

4:00 p.m. Biological, Chemical and Physical Sequestration of Soil Carbon in Response to Tillage. K. Rafik Islam, The Ohio State University.

4:20 p.m. Forest Soil Carbon Spatial Variation and Precision Accounting on Mined Land. Beyhan Amichev, Virginia Tech University.

4:40 p.m. Collaboration Between NASA and USDA for Carbon Management. Edwin Sheffner, NASA.

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Wednesday, March 23: Session 10

Dominant Theme: Applications and Decision Support Systems

Room: International B

Moderator: Debbie Reed, National Environmental Trust

1:30 p.m. The Agriculture Sector in a Carbon-Constrained World. Jeff Fiedler, NRDC.

1:50 p.m. Modeling Long-Term Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics as Affected by Management and Water Erosion. R. Cesar Izaurralde, Joint Global Change Research Institute.

2:10 p.m. The Impact of Albedo Change on Carbon Sequestration Strategies. Maithilee Kunda, MIT.

2:30 p.m. Mainstreaming Payments/Incentives for Ecosystem Services in Regional and National Planning/Policy Dimensions. Alice Ruhweza, NEMA-UGANDA.

2:50 p.m. Climate Change Projection Impact on Soil Carbon and Other Environmental Indicators for the Upper Mississippi River Basin. Philip Gassman, Iowa State University.